Home   >   CSC-OpenAccess Library   >    Manuscript Information
Process and Content Model of CSR Decision-making - A Stakeholder Approach
Deepika Dixit, Anubha Shekhar Sinha, Rinki Shrivastava
Pages - 1 - 15     |    Revised - 30-06-2020     |    Published - 31-08-2020
Volume - 11   Issue - 1    |    Publication Date - August 2020  Table of Contents
MORE INFORMATION
KEYWORDS
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Decision Makers, Regulations, Society, Process Model.
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the process and factors that determine the decision for taking Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives by businesses globally. Specifically, it investigates the stages of decision making and the factors that drive the decision making in each stage. A process model of decision making is proposed based on the factors determined from literature. The model consist of four stages in which the first stage is the pre-finalization stage in which the initial reasons for carrying out the CSR initiatives are explored, second stage is the finalization stage where the reasons for carrying out CSR initiatives are finalized, third stage is the context building for acting according to those reasons and subsequently carrying forward the CSR initiatives and the last stage is the implementation and execution of CSR initiatives. The review of previous literature reveals that major studies have focused only on one aspect of CSR namely, the reasons for CSR initiatives. This study opens up the direction for studying these factors deeply, so that it can be of use and importance to the businesses who are involved in the decision making of CSR initiatives. The interdependency of factors, as explained in the study, will aid decision makers at different levels of planning and implementation stages. It provides valuable inputs for those decision makers who are planning for CSR initiatives as well as to those who are seeking solutions for unsatisfactory results of these initiatives in their organizations.
1 Google Scholar 
2 Semantic Scholar 
3 refSeek 
4 Doc Player 
5 Scribd 
6 SlideShare 
Aaronson, S. A., and Reeves, J. (2002). The European response to public demands for global corporate responsibility. National Policy Association. USA.
Adams, C. A. (2002). Internal organisational factors influencing corporate social and ethical reporting. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal.
Adeneye, Y. B., and Ahmed, M. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and company performance. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 7(1), 151.
Aguilera, R. V., Rupp, D. E., Williams, C. A., and Ganapathi, J. (2007). Putting the S back in corporate social responsibility: A multilevel theory of social change in organizations. Academy of management review, 32(3), 836-863.
Albareda, L., Lozano, J. M., Tencati, A., Midttun, A., and Perrini, F. (2008). The changing role of governments in corporate social responsibility: drivers and responses. Business ethics: a European review, 17(4), 347-363.
Amato, C. H., and Amato, L. H. (2011). Corporate commitment to global quality of life issues: Do slack resources, industry affiliations, and multinational headquarters matter? Business and Society, 50(2), 388-416.
Aragon-Correa, J. A., and Sharma, S. (2003). A contingent resource-based view of proactive corporate environmental strategy. Academy of management review, 28(1), 71-88.
Bagnoli, M., and Watts, S. G. (2003). Selling to socially responsible consumers: Competition and the private provision of public goods. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 12(3), 419-445.
Bansal, P. (2005). Evolving sustainably: A longitudinal study of corporate sustainable development. Strategic management journal, 26(3), 197-218.
Bansal, P., and Clelland, I. (2004). Talking trash: Legitimacy, impression management, and unsystematic risk in the context of the natural environment. Academy of Management journal, 47(1), 93-103.
Bansal, P., and Roth, K. (2000). Why companies go green: A model of ecological responsiveness. Academy of management journal, 43(4), 717-736.
Bebbington, J., and Gray, R. (2001). An account of sustainability: failure, success and a reconceptualization. Critical perspectives on accounting, 12(5), 557-588.
Bourgeois III, L. J. (1981). On the measurement of organizational slack. Academy of Management review, 6(1), 29-39.
Brammer, S., and Millington, A. (2004). Stakeholder pressure, organizational size, and the allocation of departmental responsibility for the management of corporate charitable giving. Business and Society, 43(3), 268-295.
Carter, C. R., and Jennings, M. M. (2002). Social responsibility and supply chain relationships. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 38(1), 37-52.
Cetindamar, D. (2007). Corporate social responsibility practices and environmentally responsible behavior: The case of the United Nations Global Compact. Journal of business Ethics, 76(2), 163-176.
Chapple, W., and Moon, J. (2005). Corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Asia a seven- country study of CSR web site reporting. Business and Society, 44(4), 415-441.
Cheney, G., J. Roper and S. May: 2007, 'Overview', in S. May, G. Cheney and J. Roper (eds.). The Debate over Corporate Social Responsibility (Oxford University Press, Oxford).
Cheng, J. L., and Kesner, I. F. (1997). Organizational slack and response to environmental shifts: The impact of resource allocation patterns. Journal of management, 23(1), 1-18.
Christmann, P. (2000). Effects of "best practices" of environmental management on cost advantage: The role of complementary assets. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 663-680.
Dahlsrud, A. (2008). How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions. Corporate social responsibility and environmental management, 15(1), 1-13.
deLuque, M. S., Washburn, N. T., Waldman, D. A., and House, R. J. (2008). Unrequited profit: How stakeholder and economic values relate to subordinates' perceptions of leadership and firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53(4), 626-654.
DiMaggio, P. J., and Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American sociological review, 147-160.
Epstein, M. J., and Roy, M. J. (2001). Sustainability in action: Identifying and measuring the key performance drivers. Long range planning, 34(5), 585-604.
Fanelli, A., and Misangyi, V. F. (2006). Bringing out charisma: CEO charisma and external stakeholders. Academy of Management Review, 31(4), 1049-1061.
Fedderson, T., and Gilligan, T. (1998). Saints and markets. Working paper, Northwestern University, Evanston IL.
Fligstein, N. (2001). Social skill and the theory of fields. Sociological theory, 19(2), 105-125.
Freeman, R. E., and Velamuri, S. R. (2006). A new approach to CSR: Company stakeholder responsibility. In Corporate social responsibility (pp. 9-23). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Gatti, L., Vishwanath, B., Seele, P., and Cottier, B. (2019). Are we moving beyond voluntary CSR? Exploring theoretical and managerial implications of mandatory CSR resulting from the new Indian companies act. Journal of Business Ethics, 160(4), 961-972.
Ginder, W., Kwon, W. S., and Byun, S. E. (2019). Effects of Internal-External Congruence- Based CSR Positioning: An Attribution Theory Approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-15.
Gray, R., Kouhy, R., and Lavers, S. (1995). Corporate social and environmental reporting. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal.
Harris, L. C., and Crane, A. (2002). The greening of organizational culture. Journal of organizational change management.
Hemingway, C. A., and Maclagan, P. W. (2004). Managers' personal values as drivers of corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(1), 33-44.
Henriques, I., and Sadorsky, P. (1999). The relationship between environmental commitment and managerial perceptions of stakeholder importance. Academy of management Journal, 42(1), 87-99.
Hlochova, H. The Origins of CSR In Theory and Practice: Chapter from CSR History In The CEE Region. International Journal Of Business Research And Management (IJBRM), 84.
Jia, Y., Gao, X., and Julian, S. (2019). Do firms use corporate social responsibility to insure against stock price risk? Evidence from a natural experiment. Strategic Management Journal.
Kakabadse, N. K., Rozuel, C., and Lee-Davies, L. (2005). Corporate social responsibility and stakeholder approach: a conceptual review. International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, 1(4), 277-302.
Kast, F. E., and Rosenzweig, J. E. (1972). General systems theory: Applications for organization and management. Academy Of Management Journal, 15(4), 447-465.
Lee, C. K., Song, H. J., Lee, H. M., Lee, S., and Bernhard, B. J. (2013). The impact of CSR on casino employees' organizational trust, job satisfaction, and customer orientation: An empirical examination of responsible gambling strategies. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, 406-415.
Lee, Y. K., Lee, K. H., and Li, D. X. (2012). The impact of CSR on relationship quality and relationship outcomes: A perspective of service employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(3), 745-756.
Levinthal, D., and March, J. G. (1981). A model of adaptive organizational search. Journal Of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2(4), 307-333.
Liedtka, J. M. (1989). Value congruence: The interplay of individual and organizational value systems. Journal of Business Ethics, 8(10), 805-815.
Maclagan, P. (1999). Corporate social responsibility as a participative process. Business Ethics: A European Review, 8(1), 43-49.
Margolis, J. D., and Walsh, J. P. (2003). Misery loves companies: Rethinking social initiatives by business. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48(2), 268-305.
Masum, M. H., Uddin, M. M., Ahmed, H., and Uddin, M. H. (2019). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures and Corporate Performance: Evidence from the Listed Companies in Bangladesh. Academy of Strategic Management Journal.
McGuire, J. B., Sundgren, A., and Schneeweis, T. (1988). Corporate social responsibility and firm financial performance. Academy Of Management Journal, 31(4), 854-872.
McWilliams, A., Siegel, D. S., and Wright, P. M. (2006). Corporate social responsibility: Strategic implications*. Journal Of Management Studies, 43(1), 1-18.
Meyer, J. W., and Rowan, B. (1991). Institutionalized organizations. and Robert Wuthnow, Meaning and Moral Order.
Milgrom, P., and Roberts, J. (1986). Price and advertising signals of product quality. Journal Of Political Economy, 94(4), 796-821.
Miller, R. L., and Lewis, W. F. (1991). A stakeholder approach to marketing management using the value exchange models. European Journal of Marketing, 25(8), 55-68.
Mitchell, R. K., Agle, B. R., and Wood, D. J. (1997). Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience: Defining the principle of who and what really counts. Academy Of Management Review, 22(4), 853-886.
Mohr, L. A., and Webb, D. J. (2005). The effects of corporate social responsibility and price on consumer responses. Journal Of Consumer Affairs, 39(1), 121-147.
Mosley, D. C., Pietri, P. H., and Megginson, L. C. (1996). Management, leadership in action. HarperCollins College Publishers.
O'riordan, L., and Fairbrass, J. (2008). Corporate social responsibility (CSR): Models and theories in stakeholder dialogue. Journal Of Business Ethics, 83(4), 745-758.
Oliver, C. (1991). Strategic responses to institutional processes. Academy Of Management Review, 16(1), 145-179.
Orlitzky, M., Schmidt, F. L., and Rynes, S. L. (2003). Corporate social and financial performance: A meta-analysis. Organization Studies, 24(3), 403-441.
Pfeffer, J., and Salancik, G. R. (1978). The external control of organizations. A Resource Dependence Perspective, New York et al.: Harper and Row.
Reidenbach, R. E., and Robin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of corporate moral development. Journal Of Business Ethics, 10(4), 273-284.
Roberts, R. W. (1992). Determinants of corporate social responsibility disclosure: An application of stakeholder theory. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 17(6), 595-612.
Roe, M. J. (1994). Strong manager, weak owners: The political roots of American corporate governance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Rollinson, D. (2002) Organizational Behavior: An Integrated Approach. Pearson Education.
Salzmann, O., Ionescu-Somers, A., and Steger, U. (2005). The business case for corporate sustainability: literature review and research options. European Management Journal, 23(1), 27- 36.
Scott, W. R. (1987). The adolescence of institutional theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 493-511.
Swanson, D. L. (1995). Addressing a theoretical problem by reorienting the corporate social performance model. Academy Of Management Review, 20(1), 43-64.
Teece, D. J. (1986). Profiting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy. Research Policy, 15(6), 285-305.
Tian, Q., Liu, Y., and Fan, J. (2015). The effects of external stakeholder pressure and ethical leadership on corporate social responsibility in China. Journal of Management and Organization, 21(4), 388-410.
Van Marrewijk, M., and Werre, M. (2003). Multiple levels of corporate sustainability. Journal Of Business Ethics, 44(2-3), 107-119.
Waddock, S. (2008). Building a new institutional infrastructure for corporate responsibility. Academy of Management perspectives, 22(3), 87-108.
Waldman, D. A., Siegel, D. S., and Javidan, M. (2006). Components of CEO transformational leadership and corporate social responsibility. Journal Of Management Studies, 43(8), 1703-1725.
Wood, D. J. (1991). Corporate social performance revisited. Academy Of Management Review, 16(4), 691-718.
Yang, D., Wang, A. X., Zhou, K. Z., and Jiang, W. (2019). Environmental strategy, institutional force, and innovation capability: A managerial cognition perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 159(4), 1147-1161.
Zappal, D. G. (2003). Corporate Citizenship and the Role of Government: the Public Policy Case. web. library@ aph. gov. au. Commonwealth of Australia.
Zhang, Y., Wang, H., and Zhou, X. (2019). Dare to be different? Conformity vs. differentiation in corporate social activities of Chinese firms and market responses. Academy of Management Journal, (ja).
Miss Deepika Dixit
Strategic Management Department, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode, 673570 - India
deepikad08fpm@iimk.ac.in
Professor Anubha Shekhar Sinha
Strategic Management Department, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode, 673570 - India
Miss Rinki Shrivastava
Organizational Behaviour and Human Resources Department, Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode, 673570 - India


CREATE AUTHOR ACCOUNT
 
LAUNCH YOUR SPECIAL ISSUE
View all special issues >>
 
PUBLICATION VIDEOS